Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are cells found in bone marrow and other tissues that are not blood-forming cells. In the body, they appear to act mainly by releasing signals that adjust the immune system. They don't reliably turn into mature heart, nerve, liver, or other organ cells.
Claims that MSCs reliably transform into functional cardiomyocytes, neurons, hepatocytes, or other mature cells in humans are not supported by clinical evidence and are intentionally avoided.
Studied effect 1Modulation of innate & adaptive immunity
Studied effect 2Anti-inflammatory & growth-supporting signaling
Studied effect 3Endothelial & stromal repair support
Studied effect 4Interaction with local tissue & immune cells
What it is notDifferentiation into mature organ cells